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Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 564-576 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1720-0

摘要：

Recently, more and more attention is paid on applications of molten chlorides in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants as high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) and heat transfer fluid (HTF) materials due to their high thermal stability limits and low prices, compared to the commercial TES/HTF materials in CSP-nitrate salt mixtures. A higher TES/HTF operating temperature leads to higher efficiency of thermal to electrical energy conversion of the power block in CSP, however causes additional challenges, particularly increased corrosiveness of metallic alloys used as containers and structural materials. Thus, it is essential to study corrosion behaviors and mechanisms of metallic alloys in molten chlorides at operating temperatures (500–800 °C) for realizing the commercial application of molten chlorides in CSP. The results of studies on hot corrosion of metallic alloys in molten chlorides are reviewed to understand their corrosion behaviors and mechanisms under various conditions (e.g., temperature, atmosphere). Emphasis has also been given on salt purification to reduce corrosive impurities in molten chlorides and development of electrochemical techniques to in-situ monitor corrosive impurities in molten chlorides, in order to efficiently control corrosion rates of metallic alloys in molten chlorides to meet the requirements of industrial applications.

关键词： corrosion mechanisms     impurities     metallic corrosion     salt purification     electrochemical techniques    

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Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2176-9

摘要： Newly synthesized functional nanoparticles, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATA)/SiO2–TiO2 were introduced to the polyurethane (PU) matrix. Electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the barrier properties of the synthesized PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coated steel specimen. In natural seawater, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments indicated outstanding protective behaviour for the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coated steel. The coating resistance (Rcoat) of PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 was determined to be 2956.90 kΩ·cm–2. The Rcoat of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coating was found to be over 50% higher than the PU coating. The current measured along the scratched surface of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating was found to be very low (1.65 nA). The enhanced ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles inhibited the entry of electrolytes into the coating interface, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the degradation products. Water contact angle testing validated the hydrophobic nature of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating (θ = 115.4°). When the concentration of ATA/SiO2−TiO2 nanoparticles was 2 wt %, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed better mechanical properties. Therefore, the newly synthesised PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite provided excellent barrier and mechanical properties due to the addition of ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles to the polyurethane, which inhibited material degradation and aided in the prolongation of the coated steel’s life.

关键词： SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticle     nanocomposite coatings     dynamic mechanical analysis     electrochemical techniques     corrosion     colloids and interfaces    

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Long-term effects of electrochemical realkalization on carbonated concrete

Peng ZHU, Ji ZHANG, Wenjun QU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 127-137 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0583-x

摘要： The long-term effects of electrochemical realkalization on carbonated reinforced concrete with a / ratio of 0.65 were studied. Fourteen out of 16 carbonated specimens had been subjected to realkalization seven years ago, and the alkalinity of the concrete, the electrochemical characters (corrosion current density and potential) of the specimens and the corrosion conditions of the steel bars were examined. Results of different specimens and also at different time (4, 10, 13 months and 7 years after realkalization) were compared. According to the phenolphthalein and pH meter test, the alkalinity of the concrete had disappeared after seven years. Based on the potentiodynamic polarization test, various corrosion conditions had developed on the steel bars, which was verified by visual observation. All bars were in the depassivated state, and their corrosion current densities increased significantly after seven years. Cracks developed in some of the specimens, and the diverse compactness of concrete and excessive current of realkalization were considered to be possible causes. The effects of the realkalization treatment vanished after seven years.

关键词： realkalization     concrete     carbonation     polarization curve     corrosion    

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零相频下离子导体的焦耳加热及其电解反应抑制 Letter

石磊, 韩宗益, 冯逸轩, 张长庚, 张祺, 朱贺, 朱世平

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第25卷 第6期   页码 138-143 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.004

摘要：

It is well known that heat is generated when an electric current passes through an electrical conductor. While various applications in our daily lives and industries utilize the heating of electronic conductors, little attention has been paid to the potential of ionic conductors for heating purposes. This is because of the “inevitable” electrochemical reactions, which can result in unwanted electrolysis of conductors, corrosion of electrodes, and surface fouling. This paper reports the Joule heating of ionic conductors without electrochemical reactions. Electricity with a zero-phase frequency is employed to suppress the electrolysis of ionic conductors at high voltages. Demonstrations with various ionic conductors, both liquids and solids, show highly efficient energy conversion free of electrochemical reactions. This heating method is simple, direct, fast, clean, and uniform, and it has great potential in numerous industrial and household applications.

关键词： Joule heating     Ionic conductors     Electrolytes     Zero-phase frequency     Electrochemical corrosion    

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On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 181-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0065-2

摘要： A calcium chloride solution with a different extender, which is made up of either pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, or calcium chloride with activated carbon, acts differently on stainless steel. The mass ratio between calcium chloride with expanded graphite or activated carbon is almost 4∶1, which is demonstrated to be the optimum ratio. The experimental research in this paper reveals that, of the three solutions, which are pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, and calcium chloride with activated carbon, the strongest oxidation creation and pitting corrosion happened in the solution of calcium chloride with expanded graphite, the weakest oxidation creation happened in the solution of calcium chloride with activated carbon, and pitting corrosion was stronger than oxidation creation in the solution of pure calcium chloride. This paper gives the reasons for these phenomena. Furthermore, based on theory analysis, multiple means and approaches are provided to prevent stainless steel from further corroding.

关键词： stainless steel     corrosion     calcium chloride     expanded graphite     activated carbon     oxidation creation     pitting corrosion    

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Monitoring corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures via fiber Bragg grating sensors

Zhupeng ZHENG, Xiaoning SUN, Ying LEI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第3期   页码 316-319 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0040-y

摘要： Corrosion of steel and rebar in concrete structures is one of the most frequent reasons for civil infrastructure failures. Thus, improving the effective corrosion sensor technology can greatly reduce cost and provide safe structures with long service lives. However, assessing the corrosion condition of rebars is not simple because they are buried in concrete. In this paper, using fiber Bragg grating (FBG), a corrosion sensor for monitoring steel rebars embedded in a concrete structure is developed and validated by experiments. Based on the fact that the volume and diameter of a rebar embedded in concrete will enlarge due to corrosion, an FBG packaged with fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) is wrapped on the steel bar. During corrosion, the increase in the bar diameter leads to the increase in fiber strain, which can be measured by the shift of the wavelength of FBG. Performances of the corrosion sensor are validated by accelerating corrosion in lab experiments. The corrosion sensor is embedded in a concrete specimen put in a 5% sodium chloride solution with a constant current. Experimental results show that the corrosion sensor can monitor the concurrence of corrosion of rebars in concrete. The corrosion extent can be quantitatively evaluated through the change in the wavelength of FBG. Therefore, the corrosion sensor developed in this paper is feasible for monitoring the early corrosion of rebars in concrete.

关键词： fiber Bragg grating (FBG)     corrosion     concrete structures     accelerated corrosion test    

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Corrosion mechanisms of candidate structural materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor

Lefu ZHANG, Fawen ZHU, Rui TANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 233-240 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0024-y

摘要： Nickel-based alloys, austenitic stainless steel, ferritic/martensitic heat-resistant steels, and oxide dispersion strengthened steel are presently considered to be the candidate structural or fuel-cladding materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR), one of the promising generation IV reactor for large-scale electric power production. However, corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of these candidate alloys still remain to be a major problem in the selection of nuclear fuel cladding and other structural materials, such as water rod. Survey of literature and experimental results reveal that the general corrosion mechanism of those candidate materials exhibits quite complicated mechanism in high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical water. Formation of a stable protective oxide film is the key to the best corrosion-resistant alloys. This paper focuses on the mechanism of corrosion oxide film breakdown for SCWR candidate materials.

关键词： supercritical water-cooled reactor     general corrosion     oxide film     corrosion mechanism    

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Recent advances in electrochemical decontamination of perfluorinated compounds from water: a review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1618-z

摘要：

● Recent advances in the electrochemical decontamination of PFAS are reviewed.

关键词： Perfluorinated compounds     Electrochemical approach     Working mechanisms     Impacting factor     Coupled process    

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Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1506-3

摘要：

• The early corrosion process in the cast iron pipes was investigated.

关键词： Cast iron pipe corrosion     Drinking water distribution systems     Chlorine disinfection     Iron-oxidizing bacteria     Coupling effects    

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我国腐蚀管理体系研究

马秀敏,朱桂雨,路东柱,段继周,侯保荣

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期   页码 190-197 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.020

摘要：

腐蚀管理关乎安全生产，关乎国民经济，关乎生态文明，关乎资源节约和国家建设。虽然少数行业在腐蚀管理方面已经进行了一些卓有成效的探索和实践，但是总体上腐蚀管理在我国发展十分不平衡，存在着腐蚀管理意识薄弱、专业人才短缺和管理系统不健全等问题。因此，有必要进一步明确腐蚀管理的内涵，明确我国腐蚀管理体系化发展的基本要求，推动腐蚀管理体系化持续健康发展。本文基于中国工程院重点咨询项目“我国腐蚀管理状况与对策战略研究”主要研究成果，阐述了腐蚀管理的内涵及体系化发展的重要意义，分析了我国腐蚀管理的现状及问题，总结提出了腐蚀管理体系基本框架及管理要点，提出了将腐蚀管理纳入国家安全战略，成立腐蚀管理战略研究常设机构；加强腐蚀学科建设，强化人才战略；建立健全腐蚀防护相关法规标准，强化标准意识；加强腐蚀数据库建设，畅通沟通渠道；搭建腐蚀管理信息及大数据交流平台，打造共享管理新模式等对策建议。

关键词： 腐蚀管理，腐蚀管理体系，腐蚀防护，腐蚀控制，腐蚀安全    

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Synthesis of mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic

Abbas TEIMOURI, Nasrin SOLTANI, Alireza Najafi CHERMAHINI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 43-50 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0532-7

摘要： Mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl urea were synthesized, characterized and used as new corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in the acidic media. Inhibitory effect of two compounds on mild steel surface in the 1 mol·L sulphuric acid has been studied by a series of techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarization, weight loss and quantum chemical calculation methods. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that two inhibitors are mixed type. All measurements showed that inhibition efficiencies enhanced with increase of inhibitor concentration. This reveals that inhibitive actions of inhibitors were mainly due to adsorption on mild steel surface. Density functional (DFT) calculations have been carried out for the title compounds by performing HF and DFT levels of theory using the standard 6-31G* basis set.

关键词： corrosion inhibitors     mild steel     acidic medium     theoretical studies     DFT    

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Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-addedMg corrosion inhibitor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1608-1619 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2349-1

摘要： MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature (> 700 °C) thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power plants. Adding Mg into molten MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe–Cr–Ni alloys. However, it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700 °C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid form. The corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous work. Microscopic analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi2/Mg2Ni compounds. The Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys, with the thickness around 204 µm (stainless steel 310) and 1300 µm (Incoloy 800H), respectively. These results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl2–NaCl–KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer.

关键词： concentrated solar power (CSP)     Mg corrosion inhibitor     Mg–Ni intermetallic     salt purification     thermal energy storage (TES)    

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Research progress in tribo-electrochemistry and tribo-electrochemical polishing

ZHAI Wenjie

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第4期   页码 463-467 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0080-0

摘要： In this paper, the status quo and recent progress in the research on tribo-electrochemistry in aqueous and non-aqueous media, respectively, are reviewed. Much more attention has been paid to the tribo-electrochemical mechanisms for the control of friction and wear. Based on a summary of the conventional polishing principles of hard and brittle materials, the tribo-electrochemical polishing method is proposed. The results of the preliminary test show that tribo-electrochemical polishing is promising to become a critical technology in the high efficient polishing and planarization of microelectronic materials.

关键词： tribo-electrochemical mechanisms     planarization     non-aqueous     tribo-electrochemistry     summary    

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Enhanced electrochemical performance of CoNiS@TiCT electrode material through doping of cobalt element

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1440-1449 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2333-9

摘要： The composite electrode of CoNiSx and Ti3C2Tx MXene was successfully prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method under the in-situ doping of the cobalt element. The effects of in-situ doping of the cobalt element on the micromorphology and electrochemical performance of the electrodes were investigated. After in-situ doping of the cobalt element, NiS with a needle-like structure was converted into a CoNiSx with petal-like structure. The petal-like CoNiSx with a rough surface was very dense and evenly wrapped on the surface and interlamination of Ti3C2Tx, which helped increase the specific surface area and pore volume of the electrode. Under the identical test conditions, CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx had a higher specific capacitance and capacitance retention than NiS@Ti3C2Tx. This result indicated that the in-situ doping of the cobalt element promoted the electrochemical performance of the electrode. The energy density of the CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx/nickel foam (NF)//activated carbon (AC)/NF asymmetric supercapacitor device was 59.20 Wh·kg–1 at a power density of 826.73 W·kg–1, which was much higher than that of NiS@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF. Three CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF in series were able to illuminate the light emitting diode lamp for about 10 min, which was higher than the 5 min of three NiS@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF in series under the same condition. The CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF with high energy density had better application potential in energy storage than the NiS@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF.

关键词： MXene     supercapacitor     cobalt doping     structure characterization     electrochemical performance    

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Effect of denitrifying bacteria on the electrochemical reaction of activated carbon fiber in electrochemical

YING Diwen, JIA Jinping, ZHANG Lehua

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 305-310 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0051-z

摘要： An electrochemical-activated denitrifying biofilm system consisting of activated carbon fiber electrodes immobilized with denitrifying bacteria film as cathode was studied. A revised model for an electrochemical-activated denitrifying biofilm was developed and validated by electrochemical analysis of cathodal polarization curves and nitrate consumption rate. The cathodal polarization curve and nitrate consumption rate were introduced to verify the rate of electrochemical reaction and the activity of denitrifying bacteria, respectively. It was shown that the denitrification process effectively strengthened the electrochemical reaction while the electron also intensified denitrification activity. Electron was transferred between electrochemical process and biological process not only by hydrogen molecule but also by new produced active hydrogen atom. Additionally, a parameter of apparent exchange current density was deprived from the cathodal polarization curve with high overpotential, and a new bio-effect current density was defined through statistical analysis, which was linearly dependent to the activity of denitrification bacteria. Activated carbon fiber (ACF) electrode was also found to be more suitable to the electrochemical denitrifying system compared with graphite and platinum.

关键词： ACF     apparent exchange     hydrogen molecule     activated     biological process    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

期刊论文

Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties

期刊论文

Long-term effects of electrochemical realkalization on carbonated concrete

Peng ZHU, Ji ZHANG, Wenjun QU

期刊论文

零相频下离子导体的焦耳加热及其电解反应抑制

石磊, 韩宗益, 冯逸轩, 张长庚, 张祺, 朱贺, 朱世平

期刊论文

On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

期刊论文

Monitoring corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures via fiber Bragg grating sensors

Zhupeng ZHENG, Xiaoning SUN, Ying LEI

期刊论文

Corrosion mechanisms of candidate structural materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor

Lefu ZHANG, Fawen ZHU, Rui TANG

期刊论文

Recent advances in electrochemical decontamination of perfluorinated compounds from water: a review

期刊论文

Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

期刊论文

我国腐蚀管理体系研究

马秀敏,朱桂雨,路东柱,段继周,侯保荣

期刊论文

Synthesis of mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic

Abbas TEIMOURI, Nasrin SOLTANI, Alireza Najafi CHERMAHINI

期刊论文

Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-addedMg corrosion inhibitor

期刊论文

Research progress in tribo-electrochemistry and tribo-electrochemical polishing

ZHAI Wenjie

期刊论文

Enhanced electrochemical performance of CoNiS@TiCT electrode material through doping of cobalt element

期刊论文

Effect of denitrifying bacteria on the electrochemical reaction of activated carbon fiber in electrochemical

YING Diwen, JIA Jinping, ZHANG Lehua

期刊论文